The lecture will present contemporary environmental conflicts around forests and natural resources, with a focus on Latin America and the Amazon region especially, Ecuador. It will be shown how market-based approaches to conservation of tropical forests have had questionable outcomes with regards to equity and environmental effectiveness. In addition, the current situation of Colombia will be addressed and what it means for environmental justice. Colombia is transitioning to peace (at least partial) after decades of violent conflict between the FARC and the Colombian government. The meaning of this new peace in terms of the natural environment, the recognition and rights of Indigenous people, and a more equitable distribution of access to and benefits from resources will be discussed.

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